ccbl Manual‹

This program was created as a means of easily learning about the Nintendo 64 RDP feature block, particularly the ColorCombiner and Blender features.

ccbl is typically started by the Windows application dptest. Work performed in ccbl cannot be saved or loaded. However, ccbl can be run by downloading it to the debugging target as a normal N64 application. It also can be run by writing it to a flash ROM Pak.

Operation

Although two Controllers are normally used, the program can be operated with only one Controller if necessary.

RSP
GEO_MODE
LIGHT_COL
FOG_POS

RDP
CYCLE_TYPE
TEX_FILTER

VI
SPECIAL FEATURES

MISC
MODEL
TEXTURE
BG_COLOR
BG_MODEL

Camera Operations (Controller 1)
Control Stick	Rotates model.
Z Button+Control Stick UP/DOWN	Changes camera position.

Menu Operations (Controller 1)
R Button	Turns menu ON/OFF.
Control Pad	Moves cursor.
A Button	Opens next window. Determines menu.
B Button	Closes window.
C Buttons
Change parameters.

Changing Parameters (Controller 1)
Hexadecimal Display Parameters (e.g. changing *_COLOR )
C	Decreases value by 1.
C	Increases value by 1.
C	Decreases value by 0x10.
C	Increases value by 0x10.
L+C	Sets to minimum value.
L+C	Sets to maximum value.
Decimal Display Parameters (change FogPosition)
C	Decreases by the specified number of decimal places.
C	Increases by the specified number of decimal places.
Changing the ON/OFF parameter
C	Changes the ON/OFF (›/~) Parameter.

Menu Screen Dump (Controller 2)
L Button*	Processes menu screen dump with osSyncPrintf().

Toggling Cover Value Visualization (Controller 2)
R Button	Uses RM_VISCVG to visualize cover values. See> Programming Manual, section 15.7.11.

GBI Macro Output (Controller 2)
A Button*	Processes settings parameters in GBI format (gSP,gDP) with osSyncPrintf().
B Button*	Processes settings parameters in GBI format (gsSP,gsDP) with osSyncPrintf().

Menu Descriptions

RSP	Changes RSP parameters.

GEO_MODE

Changes the geometry mode and enables reflection mapping.

Related GBI functions:	g*SPSetGeometryMode()

LIGHT_COL

Changes the light color.

ccbl uses all 8 of the lights that can be used in N64.

ON/OFF can be implemented by setting the light color to (RGB=[0,0,0]), although RSP processing speed will vary slightly.

The position of a light cannot be changed.

The position and direction of the lights are as follows:

DIF1	from camera position toward (0,0,0)
DIF2	from (0,1,0) toward (0,0,0)
DIF3	from (1,0,0) toward (0,0,0)
DIF4	from (0,-1,0) toward (0,0,0)
DIF5	from (-1,0,0) toward (0,0,0)
DIF6	from (-1,1,1) toward (0,0,0)
DIF7	toward (0,0,0) while describing a circular orbit that has (0,0,0) on the X-Z plane as its center
AMB	ambient light; illuminates the entire model

Related GBI functions:	g*SPLightColor()
	g*SPLight()
	g*SPSetLights()

FOG_POS

Changes the Fog position.

A restriction of g*SPFogPosition() is that min must be less than max. Thus min cannot be set to a value greater than max nor max to a value less than min (min != max is OK).

Related GBI functions:	g*SPFogPosition()

RDP	Changes RDP parameters.

CYCLE_TYPE

Changes the RDP cycle type.

Related GBI functions:	g*DPSetCycleType()

CL_COMBINER->COMBINE_MD

Changes the Color Combiner setting.

When the cycle type is G_CYC_1CYCLE, the parameter for the second cycle cannot be changed. The fields in the bottom two lines of the Configuration menu were provided to enable quick selection of the same settings as those of the Combine mode macros defined in gbi.h.

Related GBI functions:	g*DPSetCombineMode()
	g*DPSetCombineLERP()

Note:

Setting the parameter to the typical setting causes the macro settings display to indicate **** NO MACRO ****. This is a ccbl specification designed to serve as a warning that the typical setting may differ from the macro setting.

CL_COMBINER->ENV_COLOR

Changes the ambient color used as an input source for the Color Combiner.

Related GBI functions:	g*DPSetEnvColor()

CL_COMBINER->PRIM_COLOR

Changes the Primitive color used as an input source for the Color Combiner.

Related GBI functions:	g*DPSetPrimColor()

BLENDER->RENDER_MODE

Changes the Render mode setting.

As with COMBINE_MD, when the cycle type is G_CYC_1CYCLE, the parameter for the second cycle cannot be changed.

The fields in the bottom two lines of the Configuration menu enable quick selection of the same settings as those of the Render mode macros defined in gbi.h.

Related GBI functions:	g*DPSetRenderMode()

Note:

Similarly, according to the ccbl specifications, the alpha comparison cannot be set with RENDER MODE when the RM_G_*_PCL_SURFACTANT setting is in effect.

For more information, see the Particle Effects example in Setting Examples.

BLENDER->BL_COLOR

Changes the Blend Color used as an input source for Blender.

Related GBI functions:	g*DPSetBlendColor()

BLENDER->FOG_COLOR

Changes the Fog Color used as an input source for Blender.

Related GBI functions:	g*DPSetFogColor()

BLENDER->CD AD AC

Changes the settings for color dithering, alpha dithering, and alpha comparison.

Related GBI functions:	g*DPSetColorDither()
	g*DPSetAlphaDither()
	g*DPSetAlphaCompare()

TEX_FILTER

Changes the texture filter settings.

Related GBI functions:	g*DPSetTextureFilter()

VI	Changes the VI parameters.

SPECIAL FEATURES

Changes the settings for VI gamma correction, gamma dithering, divot filtering, and dither filtering.

Although these parameters are not directly related to the Color Combiner or Blender, they do play a large role in the N64 screen display. Thus ccbl was designed to also enable changes in these parameters.

VI does not operate completely independently. N64 does not display the original pixel values that Blender writes to the frame buffer. Rather, VI creates and displays the final colors based on the original color and cover values. Thus, where display is concerned, VI cannot be ignored.

Related GBI functions:	osViSetSpecialFeatures()

MISC	Sets the other settings.

MODEL

Changes the display model.

Model Descriptions
TETRA	A regular tetrahedron (triangular pyramid)
CUBE	A cube
SPHERE	A sphere
XY-YZ	Combination of X-Y and Y-Z planes
MOUNTAIN	Terrain
TRIANGLE	A single triangle
A	The letter A
MIZO	Terrain with a ditch
TORUS2	A combination of two doughnuts

TEXTURE

Changes the texture applied to the model.

Texture Descriptions
RGBA16 MARIO	The file mario.rgb located in $(ROOT)/usr/src/PR/demos/Texture/. Alpha of 1.
RGBA16 TREE	Has an alpha that allows elimination. Masked using an alpha value a bit smaller than that of the RGB image.
RGBA16 BRICK	The file brick.rgb in $(ROOT)/usr/src/PR/demos/Texture/.
RGBA16 CHECKER	Has an elimination alpha. An alpha of 1 is assigned to the white portion of the RGB image and an alpha of 0 to the black portion.
RGBA16 BRICK_MM	Designed for MIP mapping, this has a total of 6 levels of MIP mapping textures. Other textures do not allow trilinear MIP mapping to be properly represented.
RGBA32 GRADIENT	A texture with an 8-bit alpha channel.
IA16 GRADIENT	A texture for which both the intensity and alpha are 8 bits. Garbage in the central region.
RGBA16 REFLECT	Texture that simulates a specular map; used mainly for reflection mapping. Note that the alpha is 0 for the entire texture.
I8 HIGHLIGHT	Texture with an effect like specular highlighting. Although ccbl does not support specular highlighting, quasi-specular highlighting can always be displayed using reflection mapping.

Except for BRICK_MM, all textures are 32‚˜32 pixel images. gDPTextureLoadblock() transfers them to texture memory and sets tiling to 0. Texture wrapping is set by specifying st with G_TX_WRAP (wrapping).

Except in the case of BRICK_MM, gSPTexture() is given the following arguments.

gSPTexture(glistp++,0x8000, 0x8000, 0, G_TX_RENDERTILE, G_ON);

When BRICK_MM is specified,

gSPTexture(glistp++,0x8000, 0x8000, 5, G_TX_RENDERTILE, G_ON);

is used.

However, when reflection mapping is enabled, gSPTexture() is forcibly set to

gSPTexture(glistp++,(32<<6),(32 <<6), 0, G_TX_RENDERTILE, G_ON);

BG_COLOR

Changes the background color.

Actually writes the specified color when the frame buffer is cleared.

When IMAGE1,2 is specified, a 16-bit RGBA-format image is copied to clear the frame buffer rather than a color value.

BG_MODEL

Displays the model, unaffected by the ccbl parameters.

Render mode uses G_RM_AA_ZB_OPA_SURF.

Model Descriptions
DISABLE	Disables display of the BG model.
PLANE	A simple plane. Used mainly when displaying G_RM__DECAL or G_RM__INTER.
STARS	9 star-shaped models are distributed. Used to show the stacking relation with the display model.

Example Settings

Writing

Sets to a display with writing.

Set the Geometry mode.

Settings for [RSP]->GEO_MODE are as follows.

+[GEO_MODE]---------+        
| G_SHADE         :O|*        
| G_LIGHTING      :O|*        
| G_SHADING_SMOOTH:O|*        
| G_ZBUFFER       :O|*        
| G_TEXTURE_GEN   :x|        
| G_TEXTURE_GEN_L :x|        
|>G_CULL_FRONT    <x|        
| G_CULL_BACK     :O|        
| G_FOG           :x|        
|- - - - - - - - - -|        
|  REFLECTION EN  :x|        
+-------------------+

Settings for Combine mode are as follows.*

[RDP]->CL_COMBINE->COMBINE_MODE->CYCLE1: SHADE

Try changing the light color and see the results.

[RSP]->LIGHT_COL

Using MODULATERGB for Combine mode enables a light to be applied to a textured object.

Reflection Map

Performs reflection mapping.

Set the Geometry mode.

[RSP]->The GEO_MODE setting is as follows.

+[GEO_MODE]---------+        
| G_SHADE         :O|*        
| G_LIGHTING      :O|*        
| G_SHADING_SMOOTH:O|*        
| G_ZBUFFER       :O|*        
| G_TEXTURE_GEN   :O|*        
| G_TEXTURE_GEN_L :x|        
| G_CULL_FRONT    :x|        
| G_CULL_BACK     :O|        
| G_FOG           :x|        
|- - - - - - - - - -|        
|> REFLECTION EN  <O|*        
+-------------------+

The Combine mode setting is as follows.*

[RDP]->CL_COMBINE->COMBINE_MODE->CYCLE1: DECALRGB

Note: If reflection mapping is enabled without performing only the ccbl settings, the settings performed internally will be insufficient.

Specular Highlight

Uses reflection mapping to simulate specular highlighting.

TORUS2 is used as the model so that the effect is readily seen.

Select IA8 HIGHLIGHT for the texture.

The Geometry mode settings used are the same as for reflection mapping.*

Because reflection mapping is used, the light is assumed be located at the viewpoint. Thus, only DIF1 is used.

Light color settings are as follows.*

+[LIGHT COLOR]--+        
|      R  G  B  |        
|DIF1: 50 50>00<|        
|DIF2: 00 00 00 |        
|DIF3: 00 00 00 |        
|DIF4: 00 00 00 |        
|DIF5: 00 00 00 |        
|DIF6: 00 00 00 |        
|DIF7: 00 00 00 |        
|AMB : 00 00 00 |        
+---------------+

The Combine mode setting is as follows.*

[RDP]->CL_COMBINE->COMBINE_MODE->CYCLE1: HILIGHTRGB

The primitive color is set to the same color as the light color.*

+[PRIM COL]-+           
| RED  : FF |           
| GREEN: FF |           
| BLUE : 00 |           
|>ALPHA< 80 |           
|- - - - - -|           
| MIN  : 80 |           
| LOD  : 80 |           
+-----------+

The primitive color becomes the light color.

Note:

Specular highlighting can always be simulated using reflection mapping.
For examples of the correct settings, see the Programming Manual.

Fog

Uses Fog.

Set the Geometry mode.

[RSP]->GEO_MODE settings are as follows.

+[GEO_MODE]---------+
| G_SHADE         :O|(*)
| G_LIGHTING      :O|(*)
| G_SHADING_SMOOTH:O|
| G_ZBUFFER       :O|(*)
| G_TEXTURE_GEN   :x|
| G_TEXTURE_GEN_L :x|
| G_CULL_FRONT    :x|
| G_CULL_BACK     :x|
| G_FOG           :O|(*)
|- - - - - - - - - -|
|> REFLECTION EN  <x|
+-------------------+

The cycle type is set to 2 cycles.*

[RDP]->CYCLE_TYPE->G_CYC_2CYCLE

To make the effect readily visible, select DECALRGB as the Combine mode, CUBE as the model, and BRICK as the texture. In addition, specify the following Combine mode settings.

[RDP]->CL_COMBINE->COMBINE_MODE->CYCLE1: DECALRGB
[RDP]->CL_COMBINE->COMBINE_MODE->CYCLE1: PASS2

Set the Rendering mode.*

[RDP]->BLENDER->RENDER_MODE->CYCLE1: FOG_SHADE_A
[RDP]->BLENDER->RENDER_MODE->CYCLE2: AA_ZB_OPA_SURF2

Select the Fog color.*

[RDP]->BLENDER->FOG_COLOR settings are as follows.

+[FOG COL]--+            
|<RED  > 80 |            
| GREEN: 80 |            
| BLUE : 80 |            
| ALPHA: 80 |            
+-----------+

Set the BG color to a color close to that of the Fog.

[MISC]->BG_COLOR->GRAY

The positions of the Fog threshold and Fog color saturation can be changed by changing the Fog position ([RSP]->FOG_POS).

Trilinear MIP Mapping

Set the cycle type to 2 cycles.*

[RDP]->CYCLE_TYPE->G_CYC_2CYCLE

Set the Combine mode.*

[RDP]->CL_COMBINE->COMBINE_MODE->CYCLE1: TRILERP
[RDP]->CL_COMBINE->COMBINE_MODE->CYCLE1: DECALRGB2

Set the Rendering mode.*

[RDP]->BLENDER->RENDER_MODE->CYCLE1: PASS
[RDP]->BLENDER->RENDER_MODE->CYCLE2: AA_ZB_OPA_SURF2

Set the texture.*

[MISC]->TEXTURE->RGBA16 BRICK_MM

Note:

ccbl specifies texture tiling internally when BRICK_MM is used as the texture.

Transparent Surface

Combine mode is set as follows.*

[RDP]->CL_COMBINE->COMBINE_MODE->CYCLE1: PRIM

Blender mode is set as follows.*

[RDP]->BLENDER->RENDER_MODE->CYCLE1: AA_ZB_XLU_SURF

Change BG_COLOR so that the effect is easily seen.

[MISC]->BG_COLOR->IMAGE2

Try changing the alpha for the primitive color and see the results.

[RDP]->CL_COMBINER->PRIM_COLOR->ALPHA

Particle Effects

Rendering mode is set as follows.*

[RDP]->BLENDER->RENDER_MODE->CYCLE1: AA_ZB_PCL_SURF

Alpha comparison is set as follows.*

[RDP]->BLENDER->CD AD AC->G_AC_DITHER

Note:

With the macros in PR/gbi.h, the alpha comparison is set automatically when the G_RM_*_PCL_SURF setting is specified. Under the ccbl specifications, the alpha comparison cannot be set while in a RENDER_MODE, so be sure to specify the alpha comparison here.

A common bug is to set the alpha comparison after the rendering mode, so that even if G_RM_*_PCL_SURF is specified as the rendering mode, it is subsequently overwritten with the alpha comparison setting.

ccbl

Contents

Overview

Operation

Menu Descriptions

Example Settings

Miscellaneous Items