# 3.4.3 Vector Subtraction

To subtract vector from vector , invert vector 's direction first, and then add vector to the inverted vector () to form the resulting vector :

The following shows how vector subtraction is done:

## Scalar Multiplication of a Vector

To find the product of a vector () and a scalar (k), multiply the length of vector by k, but be careful to take the sign of the scalar into account:

The following shows how scalar multiplication of a vector is done:

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