# 3.5.1 Matrix Specification

A matrix is made up of rows and columns as shown here:

Rows are numbered from the top to the bottom, and columns are numbered from the left to the right. A matrix that has m rows and n columns is called a matrix of m rows and n columns or an m x n matrix. An individual cell in a matrix is called an element or component and is referenced as the element in row m and column n or as the (m, n) component.

You will usually use 4 x 4 matrices in 3D graphics and 3 x 3 matrices in 2D graphics. These matrices are specified like this:

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